METHODOLOGY

AI Retrofit Readiness Score (ARRS)

Summary12 Data Sources

How do you score a mining facility for AI conversion?

ARRS is a 100-point scoring system evaluating 5 dimensions: Power Architecture (30%), Cooling (25%), Electrical (20%), Location (15%), and Permitting (10%). Facilities scoring 75+ are excellent conversion candidates with 12-18 month timelines.

Key Data Points

  • 5 weighted dimensions, 100-point scale
  • 75+ score = excellent candidate, minimal retrofit
  • 60-74 = good candidate, moderate upgrades needed
  • 45-59 = significant work required
  • <45 = greenfield likely more economical

5 Scoring Dimensions

Power Architecture

30% weight

Redundancy level, voltage, and substation capacity

90-100N+1 redundancy, 480V 3-phase, dedicated substation
70-89Single feed with backup, 480V upgradeable
50-69Single feed, 208V requiring PDU upgrade
<50Interruptible power, no redundancy path
❄️

Cooling System

25% weight

Current cooling type and retrofit complexity

90-100Existing liquid cooling or DTC infrastructure
70-89High-efficiency air cooling with liquid-ready piping
50-69Standard air cooling, clear retrofit path
<50Inadequate airflow, structural constraints
🔌

Electrical Topology

20% weight

PDU capacity, cable pathways, and transformer headroom

90-100480V 3-phase throughout, 2N PDU capacity
70-89480V main, 208V distribution upgradeable
50-69Mixed voltage, partial upgrade required
<50Full electrical redesign required
📍

Location & Grid

15% weight

Grid territory, interconnection status, fiber access

90-100ERCOT/PJM, active interconnection, <5 mi to IX
70-89Major ISO, near-term energization, <20 mi to IX
50-69Stable grid, queue position <100, fiber available
<50Queue congestion, limited fiber options
📋

Permitting & Zoning

10% weight

Existing permits, zoning classification, environmental status

90-100Industrial zoning, all permits current, no EIR needed
70-89Industrial zoning, minor permit updates required
50-69Compatible zoning, standard permitting timeline
<50Zoning variance required, environmental review pending

Score Interpretation

75-100
Excellent
Minimal retrofit. 12-18 month conversion timeline. Expected CapEx: $6-8M/MW.
60-74
Good
Moderate upgrades. 18-24 month timeline. Expected CapEx: $8-10M/MW.
45-59
Fair
Significant work required. 24-36 month timeline. Expected CapEx: $10-12M/MW.
<45
Poor
Greenfield likely more economical. Consider site sale or mining continuation.

Example: 50 MW Texas Mining Site

DimensionWeightRaw ScoreWeightedRationale
⚡ Power Architecture30%7522.5Single feed, backup available, ERCOT interconnection active
❄️ Cooling System25%5513.8Air-cooled ASICs, clear path for liquid retrofit
🔌 Electrical Topology20%7014.0480V mains, 208V distribution needs upgrade
📍 Location & Grid15%8512.8ERCOT, 10 mi to Dallas IX, fiber on-site
📋 Permitting10%909.0Industrial zoning, all permits current
Total ARRS Score72.1Good candidate — moderate upgrades needed

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the AI Retrofit Readiness Score (ARRS)?

ARRS is a 100-point scoring methodology to evaluate a Bitcoin mining facility's suitability for AI/HPC conversion. It measures 5 dimensions: Power Architecture (30%), Cooling System (25%), Electrical Topology (20%), Location & Grid (15%), and Permitting (10%).

What ARRS score indicates a good conversion candidate?

Facilities scoring 75+ are excellent candidates with minimal retrofit required. Scores 60-74 are good candidates requiring moderate upgrades. Scores 45-59 need significant work but may still be viable. Below 45 typically indicates greenfield may be more economical.

How does ARRS calculate MW shrink?

MW shrink is estimated based on cooling type transition and tier target. Air-to-liquid cooling typically results in 45% shrink (100 MW mining → 55 MW AI). Air-to-air (Tier 2) shows 30% shrink. These factors are incorporated into the Location dimension.

Who uses ARRS scoring?

ARRS is used by: (1) Mining operators evaluating pivot economics, (2) Private equity diligencing acquisition targets, (3) AI cloud providers sourcing brownfield capacity, (4) Infrastructure lenders assessing collateral quality.

How often should ARRS be recalculated?

ARRS should be recalculated quarterly or when material changes occur: interconnection queue position changes, permit status updates, infrastructure upgrades, or grid territory rule changes (e.g., ERCOT large load study requirements).

Assess Your Facility

Use our calculator to estimate conversion costs based on ARRS dimensions.

Open Readiness Map